Posted on 20th October 2011
UK foundations gave an estimated £290m to international development and related causes in 2009/10, a new study shows.
The vast majority of the grants were made to civil society organisations in the UK and developing countries – equal to almost half the bilateral aid support given by the Department for International Development (DFID) to such organisations.
Author of the study, Global grant-making: A review of UK foundations' funding for international development, Professor Cathy Pharoah from the ESRC Centre for Charitable Giving and Philanthropy at Cass Business School, says the reasons for giving internationally are three-fold: “Historically the UK has had a strong role in other nations, such as the commonwealth; many foundations see themselves as part of a global community and more migratory behaviour means people settled in the UK wish to support countries of their origin.”
She says the research shows how UK foundations are playing an increasingly substantial and dynamic role in shaping civil society in developing countries. “Given the huge challenges of the global environment, it is important for foundations and other funders to share more experience and knowledge on effective interventions.”
Pharoah asks:” Is more impact achieved through supporting diversity or through focussing on a small set of issues and combining resources? What is the potential for social investment and information technology to help address inequality? In an increasingly global world where relatively small sums of money can have a transformational impact on people in developing countries, it is time for more foundations to consider working internationally. But the research highlights the big questions facing independent foundations too - how much of their relatively limited resources should be devoted to international need? What is their role within the bigger picture of governmental and private aid to developing countries?”
The study carried out by Cass Business School for The Nuffield Foundation, The Baring Foundation and Paul Hamlyn Foundation, all of whom are international funders, updates previous research commissioned by these foundations, and published in June 2007 under the title ‘Going Global’[1]. Since this earlier study, it is notable that a number of new UK foundations which fund internationally have emerged, including the Children’s Investment Fund Foundation, The Waterloo Foundation, The Ashmore Foundation and the Wood Family Trust.
In an era of increasing globalisation, the research provides an up-to-date picture of the scale of UK foundation resources devoted to international development, and the regions and causes which benefit. It shows:
- Spending on international development causes represents 9% of the spending of all UK independent foundations, which spend just over £3 bn per annum in grants
- The region attracting the highest number of foundation funders is Africa (37%), in particular East Africa. This is followed by Asia (23%), and the Americas (13%)
- Foundation support for civil society organisations in Africa is worth more than £90m, and for Asia £56m
- Independent foundations support an extremely diverse range of subject areas: direct health care and formal education attract the highest number of foundation funders (12% each), and sustainable economic/ agricultural development and investment attracts 10%, followed by utilities and infrastructure (9%)
- Children and youth causes attract funding from 38% of the foundations in the study.
The research also looked at the approach of UK foundations to supporting international development needs today.
It found that while independent foundations in the UK have a long and evolving history of funding internationally, there is growing interest in providing overseas aid. Emerging trends in the approach of independent UK foundations include:
- investing in health, education, and sustainable development, particularly in Africa, issues now widely acknowledged as fundamental to global change
- addressing inequalities in health and education in India
- setting up new programmes in emerging areas of need such as climate change, neglected tropical diseases, and palliative care
- working increasingly in partnerships with other philanthropic and non-philanthropic funders such as governments, international agencies and the private sector
- tackling root causes of poverty through supporting sustainable agriculture and enterprise development
The research identified and studied 90 independent UK foundations providing funding worth over £50,000 per annum for international development and related causes in 2009/10. Their charitable spending represents 74% of the spending of all independent UK foundations. Data is based on figures published in annual reports and accounts, and on interviews with a small balanced sample of foundations.The term ‘international development’ was used in this report to refer generically to activities in developing countries and emerging economies encompassing growth, governance, health, education, gender, disaster relief, humanitarian aid, infrastructure, rights, economic and environmental sustainability, and associated research.
The full report publishes in November.
